I decided to go to the newspaper Izvestia, where I found the coveted Xerox. The observed stronger relationship in Fukushima could reflect the difference between acute and chronic exposures, with Chernobyl bird populations showing a response to 20+ years of selection for resistance, or this could reflect the effects of other radionuclides (e.g., I-131 and Cs-134) that were present at high levels in Fukushima during the . A reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear plant in northern Ukraine exploded, spreading radioactive clouds all over Europe and a large part of the globe. Archive of the President of the Russian Federation. Wilson Center History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive. Volume 2. (HDA SBU, Fond 11, Sprava 991, Tom 1). The primary research for Midnight In Chernobyl encompassed hundreds of hours of interviews with scores of eye . The Chernobyl meltdown resulted in scores of deaths and contamination over a wide area. Geist explores the role of management's failure in the Chernobyl incident in this academic article. () Paragraph 10: Consider it expedient to store meat with an elevated level of radioactive contaminant in the government reserve, in storage, as well as subject for purchase in the current year.. In all, 50 million curies of radiation were. Image: The first photograph of Unit Four after the accident, shot from a helicopter by Chernobyl plant photographer Anatoly Rasskazov, at approximately 3.00pm on April 26 1986 (Anatoly Rasskazov/Ukrainian National Chernobyl Museum). The authors further encourage an expansion of International Atomic Energy Agency guidelines on sharing information. student, Erasmus Mundus Joint Masters Degree in Central and Eastern European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies, University of Glasgow. Alexievich, S. (2006). I opened the safe again, took out the first protocol from therethe originaland put the copy in its place. Many news sources pointed to the Three Mile Island nuclear accident in the USA, and both the USA and the USSR aimed to de-emphasize their nuclear technology failings. The Politburo Operational Group on Chernobyl was staffed by some of the most powerful and experienced leaders in the USSR. A brief note from Vitaly Vorotnikovs diary shows a reassessment of the situation by Moscow. At the same time, Matlock believes that there are ways we can capitalize on this indirectly. He predicts correctly that one could expect an upsurge in generalized anti-nuclear sentiments, unless we act rapidly to lead public opinion. Matlock also outlines a notional proposal for the elimination of nuclear weapons clearly responding to Gorbachevs proposal of January 1986. On the other hand, for someone analyzing a political or environmental issue, reports and pertinent news releases will be helpful sources of reliable data. Vorotnikov, V.I. Fax: 202/994-7005Contact by email. 35+ YEARS OF FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACTION, USSR Ministry of Energy, "Regarding the Accident at Reactor No. The Higginbotham documents particularly detail the reaction of the Kiev authorities, ranging from the Council of Ministers to the Ukrainian Communist Party Central Committee to the Ministry of Health to the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. This note explains the processes of localizing the effects of the accident, lead deposits in the area, and the evacuation of collective farms and the city of Chernobyl. () In the course of slaughtering large cattle and pigs, it is established that washing the animals with water and also the removal of their lymph nodes results in obtaining meat suitable for consumption. It is interesting, what did they do with the removed lymph nodes? (HDA SBU, Fond 9, Sprava 73). Let me remind you that it was after the August coup of 1991. The reactor is practically destroyed. Documents and Maps. The paper shows a graph of background radiation levels from April 30th-May 2nd, 1986 within the IAR in Kiev. Page 4, Chernobyl disaster worker Russian newspaper interview translation part 1, Chernobyl disaster worker Russian newspaper interview translation part 2, Key links related to the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster, Wikipedia article about the 1986 nuclear plant accident in Ukraine.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_disasterWorld Nuclear Association Information Library on the Chernobyl Accident 1986http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/safety-and-security/safety-of-plants/chernobyl-accident.aspxInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) - The Chernobyl Projecthttp://www-ns.iaea.org/projects/chernobyl.Nuclear Energy Institute Chernobyl Accident and Its Consequences Fact Sheetshttps://www.nei.org/Master-Document-Folder/Backgrounders/Fact-Sheets/Chernobyl-Accident-And-Its-ConsequencesHuffington Post: 30 Years After the Chernobyl Disaster, a Nuclear Menace Still Hides in Plain Sighthttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/ioana-moldovan-/chernobyl-nuclear-menace_b_9774040.htmlCIA Breiefing video on the Chernobyl Nuclesr DisasterThe CIA created video briefing created to give information to President Reagan and the Reagan Administration about the Chernobyl nuclear accident, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster. He also insists on informing the West and the socialist countries, especially because they are using the same reactors supplied by the USSR. (HDA SBU, Fond 31, Sprava 1). Dolgikh reports: The situation at the NPS is catastrophic. The document describes levels of radiation in the immediate area, populations which may have been affected, and steps which have been taken in the days following the incident. Amongst other qualities, the show has been widely praised for its historical accuracy. In Producing power: The pre-Chernobyl history of the Soviet nuclear Industry (pp. Resolution of the Politburo of the CC CPSU on May 8, 1986. 434-437. Col. Aksenov, 'Notice of Emergency Incident' (HDA SBU, Fond 11, Sprava 992, Tom 29). The accident was a result of a failure to observe various safety procedures during the testing of one of the plant's four nuclear reactors. All but the main fire in the graphite moderator material still inside unit 4 were extinguished in a few hours. These meeting minutes detail the various forms of protection against radiation undertaken in and around the city of Kiev following the Chernobyl disaster. Gubarev compares standards and regulations in the Ministry of Defense and Ministry of Energy and finds the latter ones much weaker. SSR KGB. But the radiation that spread in the aftermath of the explosion killed thousands in the months and years to. Tracking Chernobyl's effects on wildlife Evolutionary ecologist Germn Orizaola Pereda analyses how species have been affected, 35 years after the world's worst nuclear accident. Two weeks after the accident, an unnamed KGB officer from the Ukrainian SSR reports on the situation in evacuation sites, the sentiment of local people, the situation in transportation hubs and at key industrial facilities in Kiev, as well as about the measures taken to prevent foreign journalists from gathering information about the case. SSR KGB Klockko, 'Information about Violations in the Construction of the Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station'. Historic disaster. Also at this link is: Untitled Notice on Public Attitudes Toward the Chernobyl Accident, Research Topic List: Inequality and Human Rights, Research Topic List: Political Revolutions, Research Topic List: Climate Change and Environmental Issues. Protocol No. (HDA SBU, Fond 11, Sprava 991, Tom 1). When I began to read the secret documents, I saw that the deception around the catastrophe turned out to be just as vast as the catastrophe itself. 4. Technological Momentum and System Failure. December 19th, 1978 Director of the Chernobyl District Department of the Ukr. The count is already in the thousands. . Photo Credit: Ukrainian Society for Friendship and Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries (USFCRFC), The book by Alla Yaroshinskaya, "Chernobyl. This containment shelter was not intended to be a permanent solution for containing the radioactive material. The History and Public Policy Programmakes public the primary source record of 20th and 21st century international history from repositories around the world, facilitates scholarship based on those records, and uses these materials to provide context for classroom, public, and policy debates on global affairs. IIn this secret letter to the Central Committee, Gubarev shares his observations and recommendations. Murakhovskys report. Large amounts of radioactive material were released into the atmosphere, where it was carried great distances by air currents. Ukrainian KGB Intelligence Report on students studying abroad during the Chernobyl accident. Both Cold War superpowers attempted to draw emphasis away from their own technological failings by criticizing their counterparts nuclear programs. The decision is made to evacuate the town of Pripyat. ) and created the conditions for increased mortality, the increase in the number of malignant tumors, the increase of the number of deformities, hereditary and somatic medical problems, and a change in the populations capacity for work. On my return to my deputys office, I put the originals back in the safe and thought: in this country everything is so unsteady, and if the communists end up in power again tomorrow, what will become of my family? May 20th, 1983 Colonel A.I. Excerpt from the International Herald Tribune May 2, 1986 (Schmemann and New York Times Service 1986). On April 26, 1986, an explosion at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine led to the radioactive contamination of the surrounding countryside and to radioactive fallout throughout Eastern and Western Europe. Vorotnikov, V.L. 4: The Story of Chernobyl in Documents. It included reviews of studies carried out on cancers, noncancer diseases, immune and genetic effects, and reproductive and children's health, as well as evidence-based recommendations for national health authorities and for further research. The tens of thousands of deaths of liquidators and victims of the catastrophe and the loss of health and quality of life for the nine million people who still survive in the affected areas paid for them. Milk from California and imported vegetables were also analyzed for radioactivity.Other report titles include: An Analysis of the Alleged Kyshtym Disaster; Workshop on Short-term Health Effects of Reactor Accidents; Preliminary Dose Assessment of the Chernobyl Accident; Internally Deposited Fallout from the Chernobyl Reactor Accident; Report on the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station; Radioactive Fallout from the Chernobyl Nuclear Reactor Accident; Radioactivity in Persons Exposed to Fallout from the Chernobyl Reactor Accident' Radioactive Fallout in Livermore, CA and Central Northern Alaska from the Chernobyl Nuclear Reactor Accident; Projected Global Health Impacts from Severe Nuclear Accidents - Conversion of Projected Doses to Risks on a Global Scale - Experience From Chernobyl Releases; The Chernobyl Accident - Causes and Consequences; Chernobyl Lessons Learned Review of N Reactor; Reconstruction of Thyroid Doses for the Population of Belarus Following the Chernobyl Accident; The characterization and risk assessment of the Red Forest radioactive waste burial site at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant; Estimated Long Term Health Effects of the Chernobyl Accident; and Environmental Problems Associated With Decommissioning the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Cooling Pond.DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE REPORTS816 pages of reports dating from 1990 to 2010 produced or commissioned by the Department of Defense.The reports include: Chernobyl Accident Fatalities and Causes; Biomedical Lessons from the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Accident; Nuclear Accidents in the Former Soviet Union Kyshtym, Chelyabinsk and Chernobyl; Retrospective Reconstruction of Radiation Doses of Chernobyl Liquidators by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance; Neurocognitive and Physical Abilities Assessments Twelve Years After the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident; Simulating Wet Deposition of Radiocesium from the Chernobyl Accident; and Radiation Injuries After the Chernobyl Accident Management, Outcome, and Lessons Learned.GAO REPORTS184 pages of reports from the United States General Accounting Office, whose name was later changed to the Government Accountability Office. Samoilov, Head of the 3rd Department of the 6th Service of the KGB Administration of the USSR for the City of Moscow, 'Information about Several Problems in the Use of Atomic Energy Stations in the USSR'. A eto bylo tak: Iz dnevnika chlena PB TsK KPSS (Moscow, Soyuz Veteranov Knigoizdaniya: SIMAR, 1995). Please review the below links to reference articles (tertiary sources) on this topic for more information. His main criticism is about the lack of information, the level of secrecy, and the degree of incompetency that led to unnecessary human losses, especially among the fire-fighters. The surge destroyed the core of reactor unit four, containing approximately 200 tons of nuclear fuel. After the Chernobyl accident, both the USA and the USSR had major incidents involving civilian nuclear power. Memorial to Those who Saved the World,Chernobyl, Ukraine (Wikipedia), Declassified documents detail highest-level reactions, cover-ups, critiques, Sources include Politburo notes, diaries, protocols never before translated into English, Edited by Svetlana Savranskaya, Sarah Dunn, Brooke Lennox with Alla Yaroshinskaya, For more information, contact: This undated report shows levels of radioactivity of air and water in Kiev, Borodyanka, Polyesskoe, and Ivankov. The Chernobyl reactors, called RBMKs, were high-powered reactors that used graphite to help maintain the chain reaction and cooled the reactor cores with water. Committee for State Security (KGB/KDB), Untitled notice on levels of radiation in Chernobyl NPP and steps taken in response, Deputy Head of the 6th Department of the KGB Administration Lieut. According to the report from the Ministry of Energy, the fire was extinguished by 3:30 a.m. and the reactor core was being cooled down. These human errors, coupled with a design flaw that allowed reactor power to surge when uncontrolled steam generation began in the core, set up the conditions for the accident.A chain of events lasting 40 seconds occurred at 1:23 AM on April 26.The technicians operating the reactor put the reactor in an unstable condition, so reactor power increased rapidly when the experiment began. The accident has left some nearby towns uninhabitable to this day.Radioactivity forced Soviet officials to create a 30-kilometer-wide no-habitation zone around Chernobyl, sealing off Pripyat. Gorbachev. Two weeks after the accident, an unnamed KGB officer from the Ukrainian SSR reports on the situation in evacuation sites, the sentiment of local people, the situation in transportation hubs and at key industrial facilities in Kyiv, as well as about the measures taken to prevent foreign journalists from gathering information about the case. Top Secret Chernobyl: The Nuclear Disaster through the Eyes of the Soviet Politburo, KGB, and U.S. Intelligence. 4. [Authors Note- ! Soviet Union. 4: The Story of Chernobyl in Documents These materials were introduced by Higginbotham in an essay titled An Explosion Occurred in Power Unit No. Secret. This protocol of the second session of the Politburo Operational Group Chernobyl focuses on tasking representatives of government agencies with various emergency management duties. April 26th, 1986 Untitled notice about the categories of the population and body parts most susceptible to radiation. (HDA SBU, Fond 11, Sprava 992, Tom 29). This memoreviews early Soviet informationreceived through U.S. intelligence and speculates about the number of fatalities on the day of the explosion. September 15th, 1982 Chair of the Committee of State Security [KGB] of the Ukrainian SSR to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, 'Informational Message for 14 September 1982'. The author Adam Higginbotham, whose book Midnight in Chernobyl (2019) illuminates the tragedy with quotations from his hundreds of interviews, also relied on a trove of Soviet-era documents collected by the Ukrainian National Chernobyl Museum in Kiev. The History and Public Policy Program strives to make public the primary source record of 20th and 21st century international history from repositories around the world, to facilitate scholarship based on those records, and to use these materials to provide context for classroom, public, and policy debates on global affairs. Archive of the President of the Russian Federation (APRF), Record of Session of the CC CPSU Politburo, 28 April 1986, working copy, published in Rudolph Pikhoia, Sovetskii Soyuz: Istoriya Vlasti, 1945-1991 (Novosibirsk: Sibirskii Khronograph, 2000), pp. (1986, April 28). This led to the deathsof more than a dozenpeople,hundreds becoming ill from radiation sickness, as well as environmental damage. This document relays a conversation with a specialist in nuclear energy who explains how gaps at the joints of pipes are causing problems in the blocks at both the Chernobyl and Kursk plants. The four reports are Comparison of DOE's Hanford N-Reactor with the Chernobyl Reactor (1986); Nuclear Power Safety International Measures in Response to Chernobyl Accident (1988); Nuclear Power Safety Chernobyl Accident Prompted Worldwide Actions but Further Efforts Needed (1991); and Construction of the Protective Shelter for the Chernobyl Nuclear Reactor Faces Schedule Delays, Potential Cost Increases, and Technical Uncertainties (2007).UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL HEARINGS634 pages of transcripts from three Congressional hearings: The Chernobyl Accident Hearing before the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Ninety-ninth Congress, 2nd session on the Chernobyl accident and implications for the domestic nuclear industry, June 19, 1986; The Effects of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant hearing before the Subcommittee on Nuclear Regulation, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, second session, July 22, 1992; and The legacy of Chernobyl, 1986 to 1996 and beyond hearing before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, One Hundred Fourth Congress, second session, April 23, 1996. goo, Chernobyl CIA Document on the Ukraine taking control of the area of Chernobyl nuclear power plant, Page from a Department of Defense report concerning the Chernobyl nuclear disaster fatalities, Chernobyl Disaster timeline, third page of a chronology from a Department of Energy report, Chernobyl Disaster timeline, fourth page of a chronology from a Department of Energy report, Chernobyl Shelter Project GAO report graphic shows proposed new shelter and its relative height to the State of Liberty and the enclosed existing shelter, Chernobyl Shelter Project GAO report information about the cost And funding of a Chernobyl shelter. Outside of the Soviet Union (USSR), the world was unaware of the Chernobyl accident until April 28, 1986, two days after the meltdown of Reactor No. And the main deadly isotope leaking out the Chernobyl reactor was not Cesium-137, but Deception-86. As it follows from the documents, the first meeting of the Politburo group was held on April 29, 1986. April 2nd, 1973 Memo Report from the Head of the KGB Administration under the Ukr. CLICK HERE: April 28, 1986 Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster abcNEWS clip. Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant AccidentCIA, Department of Defense, Department of Energy, Congressional, GAO, and Foreign Press Monitoring Files. These protocols, and all the granular details of how the Soviet leadership dealt with the accident day-by-day, are available to scholars and citizens due to the courage and decisiveness of a brave Russian journalist and subsequently member of the first democratically elected Supreme Soviet, Alla Yaroshinskaya, who published these protocols after the August 1991 coup in Moscow. 4. Credit: Image by Robert Armstrong from Pixabay. Is the leak continuing? (Schmemann and New York Times Service 1986). Schmid dissects the various competing explanations for the Chernobyl disaster, including operator error, reactor design, and deficiencies in the Soviet system overall, and cites to more than 100 pages of notes on sources. (HDA SBU, Fond 11, Sprava 992, Tom 29). (One of the authors of the idea of returning children and pregnant women to the danger zoneYuri Israelwas subsequently awarded the Order of Lenin for Chernobyl.), Secret recipes from the Politburo on the use of radioactive meat and milk are undoubtedly one of the strongest parts of the Kremlin-Chernobyl bestseller. use it Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Keiser University Maryville University Miami Dade College (Academic Council Institute of History of Ukraine, 2019). This document discusses the violation of technical rules of reinforcement and concrete work in the construction of the Chernobyl plant, concluding that these deficiencies will diminish the quality of the energy output. I decided to immediately make copies of them. The General Secretary calls for individual responsibility of every agency in eliminating the consequences of the accident and emphasizes the social sphere, meaning taking care of the people who are working on decontamination and those who were evacuated from the area. Similarly, Finlandanother country that had measured abnormally high radiation levelsrefrained from condemning the USSRs failure to release detailed information. (HDA SBU, Fond 16, Sprava 1097). The documents published today complement a number of other important accounts of Chernobyl. Political fallout: The failure of emergency management at Chernobyl. Present: members of the Politburo of the CC CPSU Comrades N.I. Source: IAEA Imagebank #02790036, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. https://doi.org/10.5612/slavicreview.74.1.104. Survivors of one of the world's worst ever nuclear accidents at the Chernobyl power plant in Ukraine on 26 April 1986 have been reflecting on the events of that fateful day 37 years ago, as. The reactor was being operated with too many control rods withdrawn. Chernobyl, Ukraine Marina Shkvyria watches for animal tracks as she walks toward an abandoned village in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, the area sealed to the public after a nuclear power plant. Secret. This document lists public responses to Chernobyl, citing a Ukrainian professor who attributed the accident to a Russian desire to exterminate Ukrainians, former members of underground Ukrainian Nationalist movements (OUN) expressing sympathy to those affected, and how several truck drivers refused to drive in area of the plant, choosing to quit their jobs instead. Volume 2. Topics covering the accident and its aftermath including domestic and international politics, sociological affairs, Chernobyl nuclear disaster plant fire, evacuations, sealing the reactor, cleanup mobilization, health implications, and people returning to region.DEPARTMENT OF ENGERY REPORTS1,244 pages of reports dating from 1982 to 2009 produced or commissioned by the Department of Energy.The agencies and institutions contributing to these reports include Los Alamos National Laboratory, United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, and the Pacific Northwest Laboratory.Highlights include:The 1986 Report of the U.S. Department of Energy's Team Analyses of the Chernobyl-4 Atomic Energy Station Accident Sequence DOE/NE-0076.The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) formed a team of experts from Argonne National Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and Pacific Northwest Laboratory. I dropped in on the head of the special units of the Secretariat of the Armed Forces of the USSR Anatoly Burko, and explained that I had the right. After the military coup in the USSR in August of 1991 and the ban of the Communist Party, the transfer of its archives began and the deputies finally received the secret protocols of the operative group of the Politburo of the CC CPSU on the accident at the Chernobyl NPS. January 22nd, 1991 Commission on Questions of the Chernobyl Catastrophe, Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR, 'On Some Problems in the Elimination of the Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station'. April 26, 2019, Reactor No. The Western world was largely dissatisfied by the lack of detail in Moscows statement. Explore newspaper articles, headlines, images, and other primary sources below. Some European countries attempted to take neutral stances on the Chernobyl accident, but these neutral stances sparked even more anxiety in light of a major nuclear accident and the Cold War. Liashko, 'On the Reliability of Measures taken for Dosimetric Inspection of Contaminated Environment and Food Products'. This chapter is from the book titled Producing Power. 32. On April 26, 1986, there was an explosion at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the republic of Ukraine. Schmid, S. D. (2015). This notice relays the level of radiation in the affected area and the measures undertaken for planned evacuations. 4,010 pages of CIA, Department of Defense, Department of Energy, Congressional, GAO, and foreign press monitoring files related to the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident. Importantly, it also acknowledges that the potential impact zone includes approximately 4.5 million residents of Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia, which was, at that time, not widely known. Russian State Archive of Contemporary History, Fond 89, opis 53, delo 6. No immediate evacuation followed. Isnt this criminal? Documents in the collection are in Russian and some in Ukrainian, with all titles translated . The conclusion about the possibility of the return of children and pregnant women to the areas where the radiation levels fall within the limits of 2 to 5 mR/hr. One of the December days in 1991, when the USSR was already in the process of self-destruction and the parliament living out its last months, I went over to the building of the Supreme Soviet (the parliament) and saw the deputies archives being loaded into cars. Copyright: IAEA Imagebank. Andreyev answered my official inquiry 5 years after the accident: in the period of 1986 to 1989, in the specified zones 47,500 tons of meat and 2 million tons of milk over the limit of the level of contamination were produced.These circumstances put around 75 million people in dangerous living conditions (Authors Note- ! Medvedev, an exiled Soviet geneticist, claimed in several articles and books that a "disaster" occurred near Kyshtym in 1957/58. for only $11.00 $9.35/page. Top secret", 1992, The book by Politburo member Vitaly Vorotnikov, "This Is How It Went",1995. The level of gamma radiation particles is up to 1000 microroentgens per second. (1986, May 03). For help citing interviews such as Voices from Chernobyl (below), click here. The document refers to the multifaceted work of ministries and departments of the USSR in the aftermath of the Chernobyl accident and recommends numerous new to reduce contamination in the environment, food, and water. A routine test at the power plant went horribly wrong, and two massive. Gorbachev is also thinking about the connection between Chernobyl and the threat that nuclear weapons represent: One or two accidents like this and we would get it worse than from a total nuclear war., Archive of the President of the Russian Federation (APRF), Record of Session of the CC CPSU Politburo, 3 July 1986, working copy, published in Rudolph Pikhoia, Sovetskii Soyuz: Istoriya Vlasti, 1945-1991 (Novosibirsk: Sibirskii Khronograph, 2000), pp. Among those measures are assignments to accurately measure radiation, evacuate citizens from Pripyat, and deploy chemical troops and other emergency management services. Glushakov. 4, and several hundred staff and firefighters tackled a blaze that burned for 10 days and sent. Research Starter encyclopedia article about the Chernobyl nuclear accident. This statement comes from the leaders of seven industrialized European countries and expresses sympathy and offers aid to the USSR and the town of Pripyat. In fact, the number of people on the night shift was minimal and actual fatalities did total two on the first day of the accident. Still, the power plant continued to generate electricity until it was finally shut down in December, 2000.During the first year after the accident, about 25,000 people, mainly Soviet Army troops, were dispatched to the site to clean up the accident. 2130 H Street, NW On April 29, 1986, the International Herald Tribune ran a front-page headline Nuclear Accident At Soviet Plant Causes Injuries. Much of the article described what was known about the Chernobyl accident, but the concluding paragraph shifts the narrative to the Three Mile Island accident, termed The worst commercial nuclear accident in the United States (Compiled by Our Staff from Dispatches 1986).
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