To the right, foot to the right! Within seconds, the airplane began to climb. She found it hard to see over the dashboard, so she said, Dad, raise me up, and Kudrinsky adjusted the seat height to give her a better view. Due to some turbulence which is unavoidable of course a few people got sick. It had been leased by Aeroflot-Russian International Airlines. Vech 75 lid na palub pi nehod zahynulo. Aeroflot Flight 593 was a passenger flight from Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, Russia, to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong. All 75 occupants died on impact. Director Jim Donovan Writers Greg Gransden Tim Conrad Stars Jonathan Aris Genadijs Dolganovs Philipp Leibovski See production, box office & company info As a result, the plane began to stall; the autopilot, unable to cope, disengaged completely. Aeroflot Flight 593 was a flight from Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong. Go to the back, go to the back Eldar! he screamed. At that point the spin finally stopped, and the nose came up to the horizon. Even though Yaroslav Kudrinsky committed an act of great recklessness, we understand why he did it. [10] The New York Times said, "A transcript of the tape printed in the magazine Obozrevatel shows that the Russian crew nearly managed to save the Airbus plane and the 75 people on board, but that it was hampered by the presence of children and its unfamiliarity with the foreign-made plane. At 00:55 and 36 seconds, Eldar suddenly commented, Why is it turning? Against the odds, he was the first to notice that the plane was going off course. Yes, I am, said Makarov, presumably wielding a camera. 12. Penerbangan Aeroflot 593 menggunakan pesawat Airbus A310 dengan rute penerrbangan Bandara International Sheremetyevo, Moskwa, Rusia ke Bandara Kai Tak di Hong Kong. Aeroflot Flight 2306 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Vorkuta to Moscow in the Soviet Union, with a stopover in Syktyvkar. "On the 23rd of March, 1994, Aeroflot Flight 593 was en route from Moscow to Hong Kong with 75 people on board."As always, THANK YOU to all my Patreon patr. During that time, some passengers wrote letters to their family, which were recovered after the crash. Had he intervened six seconds earlier, he would have recovered easily, but in the event he was too late, and the plane begin to spiral uncontrollably inward. Le 23 mars 1994, l'Airbus A310 qui assurait ce vol s'est cras lors de la phase de croisire du vol. He had a family, he was proud of them, and it was the final five minutes of those 39 years that went awry., _________________________________________________________________, Join the discussion of this article on Reddit, Support me on Patreon (Note: I do not earn money from views on Medium! 23 March 1994 - Aeroflot 593 Back Aeroflot Flight 593 was a regular passenger flight from Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong. The airplanes structure began to warp under the immense strain. Although the organization is now known for verbose, detailed, and pointed reports, this was one of its first major investigations, and its skills were as yet untested. The crash report confirmed the pilot's son Eldar had been at the controls. If the angle of attack becomes too high, the air will no longer flow smoothly over the tops of the wings, resulting in heavy buffeting, followed by an aerodynamic stall as the wings lose their ability to generate lift. Find best airfare deals and cheap plane tickets from Moscow to Seoul ! MOSCOW . Having already put them into a risky situation, Kudrinsky topped off his series of dubious decisions with the biggest whopper of them all: he gave Eldar permission to make inputs using the control column. And that's an A321, spare parts for which can't . Go to https://blinkist.com/mentourpilot for a 7 DAY FREE TRIAL + 25% OFF Premium MembershipAeroflot Flight 593 was a regular passenger flight from Sheremetye. Starting in 2009, a plant in Tianjin, China, has also been producing aircraft for Chinese airlines. [6], In the early hours of 23 March 1994, the aircraft was en route from Sheremetyevo International Airport in Moscow to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong, with 75 occupants aboard, of whom 63 were passengers. In 1992, the special brand was allegedly launched under the name Russian Airlines, while Aeroflot as a whole was rebranded as Aeroflot Russian International Airlines, or ARIA a change meant to emphasize the airlines new role as a flag carrier, although ultimately the branding would not stick, as Aeroflot turned inward once more in the 2000s. Normal flight may have resumed if Piskaryov had simply let go of the controls, but instead he continued to hold his control column all the way back to the stop. After a little while, someone probably Eldar turned the wheel a little farther, and the rate of roll increased to two degrees per second. Murmansk's Acting Governor Andrey Chibis has reportedly said that the families of those killed in the fire will . The A310 division was marketed worldwide with emphasis on its friendly service, comfortable cabins, and experienced pilots, and after flights began in the second half of 1992, the reception was positive. Although safety experts demanded more discipline from Russian pilots, there was no silver bullet which would instill it, and there never has been. Gently, gently I said!. "[12] The Times also stated that an analysis by an aviation expert published in Rossiiskiye Vesti (Russian: , Russian News) supported that analysis. In the former Soviet Union, however, it was a revolutionary technological leap. Once the system was in heading select mode (HDG/SEL), he simply turned the heading knob on the autopilot control panel several rotations to the left, and the autopilot dutifully placed the plane into a left turn. The pilots included the captain, Andrey Viktorovich Danilov, the first officer, Igor Vasilyevich Piskaryov, and the relief pilot, Yaroslav Vladimirovich Kudrinsky. At the same time, the autopilot's display screen went blank. Kudrinsky pumped the rudder back and forth, arresting the spin. Robert pushed his side stick forward to try to regain lift for the airplane to climb out of the stall. Aside from the emergency operations, which were effective, the official response to the crash was chaotic and disorganized. Los setenta y cinco pasajeros y tripulantes murieron en el accidente. Seconds later, however, Kudrinsky switched the autopilot to HDG/SEL mode and used the heading knob to enter a leftward heading, causing the autopilot to turn the plane to the left in line with Eldars inputs. The feedback force on the control column relaxed until it disappeared. Investigators took far more issue with Kudrinskys failure to mitigate the risk he was taking. Pesawat jatuh di perbukitan Siberia dengan korban tewas seluruh 75 penumpang termasuk kru. This couldnt have come from Piskaryov, whose feet couldnt reach the pedals, so the MAK theorized that Eldar stepped on the pedal as he was leaving the captains seat. Dont turn right, the speed, I put some Kudrinsky said. Im telling you, get out! Once the German ban comes into force it will be even worse. Il ragazzo aveva infatti inavvertitamente causato una parziale disconnessione del pilota automatico sconosciuta ai due piloti e non dotata di un sistema di segnalazione acustico. [3] Families of Russian victims placed flowers on the crash site, while families of Chinese and Taiwanese victims scattered pieces of paper with messages written on them around the area. Seconds later, the last flying pieces of wreckage came clattering to a stop, and quiet again descended over the Siberian wilderness, save only for the faint crackle of the flames. The Fallen. , . Unfortunately, Piskaryovs inputs led to a second stall, which was then turned into a stall-spin due to an ill-timed right rudder input. This first decision was technically against the rules, which barred unnecessary visitors from the cockpit, but this was perhaps a forgivable lapse. Piskaryov then managed to pull out of the dive, but over-corrected, putting the plane in an almost vertical ascent, again stalling the plane, causing the plane to enter a spin. It existed only so that a pilot could react immediately in the event of a sudden departure from controlled flight while the plane was on autopilot. Getty "If suddenly things get vertical and we all start floating, just sort of punch us toward the cockpit." Advertisement In the end, the MAK could not deny the obvious. The other way!. The discovery of the intact body of a flight attendant wearing an oxygen mask led to early theories of an explosive decompression, but if anything had come off the plane before impact, finding it would have been difficult. 5. Aeroflot Flight 593 - Wikipedia . Les 63 passagers et 12 membres d'quipage sont morts dans l'accident. On 23 March 1994, the aircraft operating the route, an Airbus A310-304 flown by Aeroflot, crashed into the Kuznetsk Alatau mountain range in Kemerovo Oblast, killing all 63 passengers and 12 crew members on board. [3] Despite the struggles of both pilots to save the aircraft, it was later concluded that if they had simply let go of the control column after the first spin, aerodynamic principles would have caused the plane to return to level flight, thus preventing the crash. Seeing them there, anger melts into sadness. Okay, watch the ground, where youre going to turn. Kudrinsky instructed. ), Visit r/admiralcloudberg to read and discuss over 230 similar articles. Flight schedule. On the evening of the 22nd of March, 1994, the crew of Aeroflot flight 593 to Hong Kong reported for duty at Moscows Sheremetyevo International Airport. By switching from NAV mode to HDG/SEL mode, Kudrinsky temporarily switched off that pre-programmed track, allowing him to direct the autopilot to assume a particular magnetic heading. A passenger fainted during taxi and he (general practitioner) helped sort things . The insidious aspect of this feature on the A310 was that the disconnection of one channel but not the other would fail to trigger either the visual or aural autopilot disconnect warnings. Aeroflot Flight 593 was a passenger flight from Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, Russia, to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong. Die Aufzeichnungen des Stimmenrekorders zeigten, dass sich bis ca. Applying between 11 and 13 kilograms of roll force to the control column would disconnect the autopilots lateral channel, while a similar amount of force applied forward or backward would disconnect the vertical (pitch) channel, allowing a pilot to take control instantly without having to fight against a malfunctioning autopilot, and without having to waste time reaching for the autopilot disconnect button either. Certainly few pilots are likely to repeat Kudrinskys mistakes the price he paid was unimaginable, and it is this empathy for his fate which allows us to forgive the seemingly unforgivable. Il volo Aeroflot 593 era un volo internazionale della compagnia aerea Aeroflot, in servizio fra l'aeroporto eremet'evo di Mosca e l'aeroporto Kai Tak di Hong Kong. According to Russian aviation regulations, bringing guests into the cockpit of a passenger flight while en route was not, still is not, and never has been permitted. Turn right! What happened in the cockpit of this flight? As the lateral channel disconnected, a torque limiter engaged to physically declutch the autopilots aileron actuator, preventing it from making any roll inputs. Aeroflot Flight 593 was a passenger flight from Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, Russia, to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong. Set the horizon to normal for him, Makarov interjected. Fifteen-year-old Eldar Kudrinsky and his 12-year-old sister Yana were among the 63 passengers, where they had been placed under the care of fellow passenger and off-duty Aeroflot pilot Vladimir Makarov, whose own daughter was on board as well. But why is it doing that? said Kudrinsky. Los setenta y cinco pasajeros y tripulantes murieron en el accidente. Throughout the flight, the plane had been flying on autopilot, with its vertical channel in altitude hold mode to keep the plane at 10,100 meters, while the lateral channel navigated the plane along a pre-programmed string of waypoints stretching all the way from Moscow to Hong Kong. When one of them is at the controls, the plane starts losing control. Dal successivo esame della scatola nera del velivolo si scopr che l'incidente si origin mentre ai comandi del velivolo sedeva il quindicenne Eldar Kudrinskij, figlio del comandante Jaroslav Kudrinskij. This is a standard feature of almost every autopilot, but on most Soviet models, force applied in any direction would disconnect both channels simultaneously. The inputs were effective, as the plane exited the stall and airflow over the wings stabilized, but now they were in a steep 40-degree dive, accelerating rapidly with the engines near full power. Tragically, investigators noted that after the first spin, when Kudrinsky had wrangled the plane into a 20-degree nose down position with 20 degrees of left bank, recovery would have been assured if he had simply let go of the controls. Forced to redefine itself in a radically different economy, Aeroflot sought to shed its reputation for uncomfortable airplanes and poor service by transforming itself into a modern airline which would not only improve Russias international reputation, but normalize flying on Aeroflot as a viable means of travel for businesspeople and tourists from around the world, regardless of whether Russia was their final destination. Before long, the plane reached 30 degrees of bank, the normal in-flight maximum, and then kept right on going, approaching 45. The Russian Airlines branding seems to have been even less permanent, and primary sources are often contradictory about the nature and even the name of the subdivision. It goes without saying that Eldar was not a qualified pilot and that allowing him to control the airplane was blatantly illegal. Is the plane turning to the left?. Like many other autopilots on Western aircraft but unlike those on Soviet models the A310 autopilots lateral and vertical channels could each disconnect independently under specific circumstances, without affecting the other. Aeroflot Flight 593 was a passenger flight from Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, Russia, to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong. 5935931994323A310-304. A310 , 23 1994 . Given time, Kudrinsky might have noticed the problem and told Eldar to either let go or turn the other way, but at that moment Yana started plying him with questions again, so he turned his attention to his daughter. Kudrinsky also had experience in the Yakovlev Yak-40, Antonov An-12, and Ilyushin Il-76. Aeroflot had been left with long-haul international routes, which mostly could not be completed using Soviet-made aircraft unless they stopped for fuel mid-way. Although he tried to obey his fathers order, he was physically unable to move. I havent seen the instrument! said Piskaryov. The decision to let Yana and Eldar sit in his seat was obviously reckless, though again, he was not the first to do it, and nothing bad had ever happened in the past. Flight data showed that Eldar alone was not responsible for the disconnection First Officer Piskaryov was holding onto his control column as well, presumably in order to react if Eldar made any sudden inputs. While seated at the controls, the pilot's son had unknowingly partially disengaged the A310's autopilot control of the aircraft's ailerons. Genom att styra emot med rodret i mer n 30 sekunder kopplas autopiloten ur, ngot som de nyutbildade piloterna ej var medvetna om. Eldar followed through, letting his hands move with the control column as it turned to the right. Investigators had largely held their tongue up until that point, but this was simply a step too far. "[21] Michael Crichton's novel Airframe, published in 1996, draws on events from the accidents of Aeroflot 593 and China Eastern Airlines Flight 583.[22]. Although the planes were purchased new from the factory, the A310 was hardly Airbuss latest model. Dari perekam suara kokpit diketahui bahwa anak sang pilot yang masih berumur 15 tahun, Eldar Kudrinsky, mengendalikan kontrol pesawat pada awal insiden dan secara tidak sengaja mengaktifkan suatu fitur otomatis dari autopilot A310. And we grieve for their mother left at home in Moscow to learn that her whole family had been lost, dashed against a mountain in Siberia not due to a sudden mechanical failure or a terrorists bomb, but because of the peculiar blindness of a father left alone with his children. Within seconds, however, the aircraft exceeded its maximum operating speed, triggering a terrifying overspeed warning. After about eight seconds, by which time the plane had reached 21 degrees of left bank, Kudrinsky reached for the heading knob again, and turned it back to the right. Oct 30, 2017 Their speed was beginning to increase again, but they were spinning around and around like a top, descending rapidly with the nose pointed almost directly at the ground. The plane turned over again into another dive, accelerating alarmingly. Flight SU 593 from Moscow to Hong Kong smashed into a Siberian mountain on March 23, 1994. 75 63 12 . I can forgive the children, for they were innocent. But if Piskaryov wanted to push the controls forward to level off, he might have been unable to do so the diminutive copilot topped out at just 160cm (53), and his seat was pushed all the way back to the stop. [1] Unsure why the plane wasnt reacting, Piskaryov turned back to the right to gauge the response. On 23 March 1994. Then, it seems, he got another dubious idea: Hey Yana, are you going to fly it? he said. Unfortunately, just as they were on the cusp of recovery, the increase in pitch caused their speed to drop too low, and an inadvertent kick to the rudder sent them back into a violent spin, this time even tighter than before. Let Aeroflot 593 se odehrl 23. bezna 1994 a smoval z Moskvy do Hongkongu. As Kudrinsky threw himself back into his seat, Piskaryov rolled hard to the left against the right yaw, and the plane stalled, spun around, and flipped violently upside down, hurtling into a spiral dive. Le vol Aeroflot 593 tait un vol entre l'aroport international Cheremetievo de Moscou et l'aroport international Kai Tak Hong Kong. What happened in the cockpit of this flight? The girls voice was faintly audible in the background, but only Kudrinskys side of the conversation could be understood. As a growing number of countries move to ban Russian flights from their airspace, officials in Canada say they are planning to launch an investigation into an Aeroflot flight from Miami to Moscow . [4][5][6], The captain of Flight 593 was Andrey Viktorovich Danilov, 40, who was hired by Aeroflot in November 1992. [16], Eldar was the first to notice a problem, when he observed that the plane was banking right. This would have caused a change in the feedback forces on the control columns as the resistance put up by the autopilot abruptly vanished, but Eldar could not have been expected to notice, and Piskaryov probably thought the change in feedback was because of an input by Eldar. The autopilot then disengaged completely, causing the aircraft to roll into a steep bank and a near-vertical dive. Turning to Eldar, he shouted, Turn the other way! [14][15] A silent indicator light came on to alert the pilots to this partial disengagement. Well get out now! The Tupolev Tu-134 operated by Aeroflot crashed on 2 July 1986 during an emergency landing after it departed Syktyvkar, killing 54 of 92 passengers and crew on board. All 63 passengers and 12 crew members perished in the accident. Aeroflot went even farther, claiming that the reports of children in the cockpit were slanderous lies intended to harm the airlines reputation. On June 23, 1985, Air India Flight 182, a Boeing 747-237B crashed off the southwest coast of Ireland when a bomb exploded in the cargo hold. Aeroflot Flight 593 var flightnumret p den Airbus A310-304 som havererade i Sibirien den 23 mars 1994. Piskaryov was still in the right seat, and would not be expected to hand it over until near the end of the flight, allowing Danilov to return. The A320s are also named A320ceo after the introduction of the A320neo. Ansett New Zealand Flight 703 was an Ansett New Zealand scheduled passenger transport flight from Auckland Airport to Palmerston North. All 88 passengers and crew members aboard the flight died in the crash. [17] All 75 occupants died on impact. Aeroflot-vlucht 593 was een Airbus A310-304 van de Russische luchtvaartmaatschappij Aeroflot (RAL), die op 23 maart 1994 neerstortte tijdens een vlucht van Moskou naar Hongkong. Speed. Abdulaev, Raffig, 20/06/1960 (Azerbaijan) 2. Der Aeroflot-Flug 593 war ein Linienflug der Aeroflot zwischen dem Flughafen Moskau-Scheremetjewo und dem Hongkonger Flughafen Kai Tak. Al contrario que los aviones soviticos con los que la tripulacin s estaba familiarizada, no se activ ninguna alarma audible cuando se produjo la desconexin parcial del piloto automtico y, por esta razn, permanecieron en el desconocimiento de qu estaba sucediendo. Pesawat tersebut membawa 63 penumpang (40 warga negara Rusia dan 23 orang asing), sembilan pramugari dan tiga pilot. The A310 was operating Aeroflot Flight 593 from Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong. $\endgroup$ - Michael . Kudrinsky wanted to step in to help, but he had to get Eldar out of his seat first, which was initially impossible due to the G-forces. The Airbus A310 operating the flight had earlier arrived from London with several connecting passengers, but the second leg of the journey was lightly booked, with just 63 passengers on board, including numerous businessmen and several off-duty Aeroflot employees. 23 1994 A310-304 63 12 . When one of them is at the controls, the plane starts losing control. The speed is high, reduce power!. Fuck, not again!. Pull up gently! This unique empathy is perhaps the reason why most retellings position Kudrinsky as a tragic hero, in the Greek sense, rather than the villain of his own story. Dont you see or what? Contents 1 Background 1.1 Aircraft [5] The remaining 23 foreigners were mostly businessmen from Hong Kong and Taiwan, who were looking for economic opportunities in Russia. On 23 March 1994, the aircraft operating the route, an Airbus A310-304 flown by Aeroflot, crashed into the Kuznetsk Alatau mountain range in Kemerovo Oblast, killing all 63 passengers and 12 crew members on board. In their report, the MAK wrote that Kudrinskys decision to let Eldar move the control column showed an utterly careless and irresponsible disregard for flight safety, the result of poor discipline and a blatant ignorance of the rules contained in [the civil aviation regulations.]. For their part, MAK representatives, unsure how to react and panicking about the leaks, flat out denied that any children had touched the controls at all. Eldar scrambled out of the captains seat, but in the process he accidentally stepped on the right rudder pedal, sending the plane yawing sharply to the right. On board the flight were sixteen-year-old Eldar and 12-year-old Yana, who came into the cockpit to visit their dad Yaroslav. Weve reached an area, a holding area, Piskaryov agreed. Aeroflot Flight 593 was a regular passenger flight from Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong. Tutte le 75 persone a bordo morirono nello schianto. 17. 21K views, 269 likes, 10 loves, 19 comments, 36 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from JustA Regret: Air Crash Investigations - S03 E10 - Kid in the Cockpit (Aeroflot Flight 593) #AirCrashInvestigations. One of the pilots of Aeroflot Flight 593 lets his children sit in the captain's chair of this passenger plane. Although such warnings are ubiquitous today, in 1994 most planes did not have bank angle warnings. An automatic system brought the plane out of its stall, and Piskaryov managed to recover from the dive, but he overcorrected, allowing the plane to pitch up too steeply likely in part because he physically could not reach far enough forward to push the nose down, although he may also have been disoriented by the rapid transition from descent to climb. When he left his seat, he should have formally handed over control to First Officer Piskaryov and briefed the copilot on what he was going to do, so that he would be prepared to react. Le vol Aeroflot 593 tait un vol entre l'aroport international Cheremetievo de Moscou et l'aroport international Kai Tak Hong Kong. Shortly thereafter, the Ground proximity warning system sounded an alarm, warning the crew about the aircraft's now imminent crash with the ocean. On 23 March 1994, the aircraft operating the route, an Airbus A310-304 flown by Aeroflot, crashed into the Kuznetsk Alatau mountain range in Kemerovo Oblast, killing all 63 passengers and 12 crew members on board. Well get out, well get out, well get out, said Piskaryov. Captain Danilov and. The Russian Airlines flight AFL593 was carrying three flight crew members, a cabin crew of nine, 63 passengers (including 25 foreigners), and 593 kg of mail and baggage. He might therefore have been unaware that it was the autopilot which was trying to turn back to the left, and not Eldar. Have we lost the route? Kudrinsky asked. Aeroflot's fleet includes the Sukhoi Superjet 100. In response to the autopilots inputs, the control column turned to the left beneath Yanas hands, giving her a simulation of what it might feel like to fly the plane. From the shocking cockpit voice recorder transcript would emerge an intimate and tragic story of a proud father, two eager children, and a plane which none of them really understood, coming together in a moment of bad judgment and complacency to bring about one of historys strangest and most tragic air disasters. After letting the plane turn to the left for some time, reaching a bank angle of about 20 degrees, Kudrinsky eventually re-engaged NAV mode, and the autopilot automatically turned the plane back to the right to resume the pre-programmed route. A. REUTERS/Tatyana Makeyeva. All the while, the feedback force on the control column increased until, at 00:55 and 29 seconds, the autopilots lateral channel quietly disconnected. This was probably because they believed the autopilot was engaged, and did not think the autopilot could do anything dangerous to the flight path, reducing their sense of urgency. In the early 1990s, the biggest obstacle to this vision was perhaps Aeroflots fleet, which consisted of Soviet-built airframes designed for a different model of air travel. A few other safety improvements were made, such as the inclusion of information about the partial disconnection of the autopilot during training for A310 pilots. At the same time, however, most Western long-range airliners had far too many seats the passenger volume on Aeroflots routes was simply too low to justify buying 747s or MD-11s. 23 1994 A310-304 63 12 . After taking his seat back, Kudrinsky did a decent job recovering from the stall-spin, but he pulled out too aggressively, causing their speed to drop until an errant rudder input sent the plane into a second spin even worse than the first one. Family visit to the cockpit On the night of the 22nd of March, relief Captain Kudrinsky was using this policy to bring his children on their first ever trip abroad. Am 23. But what could be done to prevent otherwise competent pilots from making such gross errors of judgment? 0. But by that point the plane was already starting to level out, and their speed was decreasing. A Russian passenger jet burst into flames on Sunday while attempting an emergency landing at a Moscow airport, leaving as many as 41 passengers dead . Le fils du commandant avait apparemment inconsciemment dsactiv le contrle du pilote automatique A310 des ailerons de l'avion tout en tant assis aux commandes. Pieces of wreckage had rained down through the forest just outside the townsite tiny fragments of fuselage frames, wing skin, engines, and much besides. The right bank increased from six to fifteen degrees, then started to go back to the left as the plane rolled out on its intended heading. Nobody was monitoring the instruments, except apparently Eldar, who was the first to observe that the plane was banking excessively. At that point they were still over Russia, high above Kemerovo Oblast in southern Siberia, near the city of Novokuznetsk, with many hours still to go. There was no way Aeroflot could fill the 400 seats on a Boeing 747, but on the A310 they would at least have a shot, without having to sacrifice much in terms of range. A consecuencia de la investigacin del accidente, se recomendaron un buen nmero de cambios de diseo en el sistema de piloto automtico del A310. For a few minutes, Kudrinsky explained various aspects of the plane and what made it special, but he had bigger ideas, too.
Schönes für Kinder